New report says grazing had "negligible" effects on size of Murphy Complex fire

A fire that burned more than 650,000 acres of rangeland in southern Idaho in 2007 was so extreme that grazing levels effects were “negligible,” a team of federal, state and university scientists said in a report released this week.

The Murphy Wildland Fire Complex was a series of fires that swept across southern Idaho and Nevada consuming most of the vegetation on the sagebrush steppe that is important wildlife habitat and grazing land for several dozen ranchers. Ranchers argued after the fire that lawsuits and federal restrictions that limited grazing contributed to the size and severity of the fire.

You might remember that Republican Sens. Mike Crapo and Larry Craig and Gov. Butch Otter harangued federal officials about this last year joined by ranchers like now Idaho State Sen. Bert Brackett in outright blaming the size and extent of the fire on limits on grazing and a slow response by firefighters.

But the assessment team organized by Bureau of Land Management State Director Tom Dyer, which included scientists from the Universities of Idaho and Nevada, the U.S. Geological Survey, the BLM and the two states, disputed their claim.

“The team found that much of the Murphy Wildland Fire Complex burned under extreme fuel and weather conditions that likely overshadowed livestock grazing as a factor influencing fire extent and fuel consumption in many areas where these fires burned,” the report said. “Differences and abrupt contrast lines in the level of fuels consumed were affected mostly by the plant communities that existed on a site before fire.

Dozens of fires started the same day across the Great Basin with the grass and brush as dry as fire experts had ever seen and the high winds prodding on the fire to burn to a crisp everything in its path.

But the report did not reject outright the use of grazing for reducing fuels to manage fires in the desert ecosystem.

“A few abrupt contrasts in burn severity coincided with apparent differences in grazing patterns of livestock, observed as fence-line contrasts,” the report said. “When weather and fuel-moisture conditions are less extreme, grazing may reduce the rate of spread and intensity of fires allowing for patchy burns with low levels of fuel consumption.”

Grazing critic Katie Fite, Biodiversity Director of Western Watersheds Project, said the study did not examine the consequences of grazing at the level necessary to affect fire behavior or how it would increase the prevalence of fire prone cheatgrass which has little to no habitat value, and is itself highly flammable. That has always been the main argument against using grazing as a tool for fire management.

“It looks as if BLM and public lands ranchers are still trying to promote increased grazing disturbance to turn our public lands into dust bowls,” Fite said.

Read the report: Interactions Among Livestock Grazing, Vegetation Type, and Fire Behavior in the Murphy Wildland Fire Complex in Idaho and Nevada, July 2007

Grazing

No matter how you look at it, grass in a cow's belly isn't there to burn when lightning strikes. Good management practices do not turn our public lands into "dust bowls".

A few years ago, campers started a fire that raced up the hill across the river from here. The fire crews mentioned to us that grazing had reduced fuel loads and prevented the fire from being worse.

The folks that want to stop all public grazing seem to me to not care about our food supply. Grazing is a much more humane way to grow food then CAFOs. If we stop public grazing, how will it affect the price of food? Will more ranchers go out of business and sell to developers? Growing houses instead of food is not good for wildlife either.

Grass in a cow's belly isn't

Grass in a cow's belly isn't there for wildlife either. Show me someplace where there is actually "good management practices" and I'll show you 20 places that don't have any management practices at all. Public lands ranching is a cancer and does nothing more than provide welfare for people who engage in it. They rarely ever meet the standards that they are required to, they destroy habitat for hundreds of species, and they make the land less productive. It's wrong.

I've seen places where cows have destroyed every living thing and, yes, that land doesn't burn.

If all livestock grazing on public lands went away it wouldn't even be noticed by the market. Besides, I thought you Republican types wanted free markets. I guess only for the people who work at Wal-Mart or McDonalds.

I don't think it is humane to raise so many cattle on a piece of land with just medusa head grass that they won't eat, no shade, and hardly any water. All of the places where there is water is left as just a big bunch of mud and B.S. and there is nothing left for anything else. How is that humane? Tell me?

Add the fact that we subsidize it without our consent just so somebody can claim to be a rugged cowboy while their hired hand, often times an undocumented or immigrant worker, gets paid 1000 bucks a month to do an impossible job.

I'd wager that land left ungrazed by cattle would produce more wildlife than these inefficient critters that evolved somewhere with more water and that wildlife would be able to feed more people in a sustainable fashion than cattle ever could.

Livestock Grazing Not Effective to Control Wildfire

It is important to note that, in addition to finding that reduced livestock grazing was not a significant contributing factor to the severity and size of the Murphy complex wildfire, the USGS study further concluded that "[c]hanges in grazing management aimed at managing fuel loads are not appropriate for homogenous application across large landscapes and multiple management units" (p. 32). The livestock industry may still argue that "targeted" grazing can reduce fire fuel load, but how effective are limited grazing applications when entire landscapes are going up in smoke? BLM would have to authorize high levels of grazing across huge expanses to affect fire at a landscape level, and, as the report notes, "[s]uch application of grazing across entire landscapes at rates necessary to reduce fuel loads and affect fire behavior...could have negative effects on livestock production and habitat goals" (p. 32).

The USGS report reminds me of anther bit of research by McAdoo et al. (unpubl.) regarding the use of livestock to control cheatgrass. The researchers surmised that, assuming livestock grazing could control cheatgrass--and notwithstanding the multiple negative impacts of grazing on soil, ecosystems, and watersheds--there are simply not enough livestock available to graze at the preferred locations, at the preferred intensity, at the preferred times during the year, to control cheatgrass at a landscape-level in Nevada and the Great Basin.

Cheated

Cheatgras says Katie "That has always been the main argument against using grazing as a tool for fire management"

Ooooh, so once it can be accpeted that grazing does control wildfires that burn off everything except cheatgrass, then the anti-grazers will have no other arguement against grazing????

NO grazing = big fuel = big fires= loss of diversity= easy for cheatgrass to invade and take over.

************
The report specifically stated cheatgrass was NOT a factor in the Murphy Complex fires.

****
Rocky, your headline is wrong!
You are wrong!
You are a terrible reporter!
And you smell too...

Biodiversity Director

What are the qualifications of a "Biodiversity Director?"

Katie Fite is probably qualified, whatever they are, but I'm curious as to why she would be quoted as an expert source. Her remarks sound ignorant, confrontational, and purposefully deceptive.

Can she point to any grazing lands ever that were turned into a "dust bowl" through grazing? Does she really think that is the intent and mission of "BLM and public land ranchers"? Has she ever eaten a cheeseburger?

Instead, we have thousands of acres annually turned into dangerous infernos, leaving only biodiversity ashes and wasted taxpayer dollars in their wake. Maybe Katie can explain how that is better, when she gets a few moments free from directing the biodiversity before it is burned.

Rocky, is this the best you can do?

I get it

You disagree with Fite.

What would you have me do ignore grazing critics views? The report suggests grazing could have a role but managing grazing to manage fire might not fit ranchers' other goals. For one thing we would want ranchers to graze cheatgrass areas heavily in the spring then pull their cattle, sheep or goats off.

The report, I assume you read suggested the dangerous infernos would have burned whether the lands were grazed or not.

By the way, I have said repeatedly I don't agree that we should remove cattle from public lands.

Rocky

No. I'm not saying ignore Fite at all. But who the heck is she, other than an impressive (probably self-affected) title?

Isn't that the reporter's job, to tell us how credible their sources are? What degrees does she hold? Publications? Or is she just one of a group of kids on a mission? (I know, I'll be Global Warming Director, Jimmy will do the p.r., and Katie can Direct Biodiversity!)

And, two, can't you find more credible anti-grazing sources than Fite? She sounds shrill and minor league. Surely she must be parroting someone or something with more credibility.

Those were my points. I'm personally not sure I support grazing on public lands myself. I certainly do support vegetation (fuel) management, though.